观点1:
赛博格可以让世界变得更加平等。
The American biologist, philosopher and sociologist Donna Haraway wrote the most famous paper about cyborgs. Her essay A Cyborg Manifesto was published in 1985. In this paper, she argues for the abolition of the rigid boundaries between humans and animals, organisms and machines, men and woman.
Haraway wrote the manifesto in response to other feminists and cultural critics who rejected computers and the Internet. She shared critical thinking about the capitalist, nationalist and military drivers in the development of these technologies, but saw that it could be used for other purposes afterwards. Thinks of liberation, development and self-e-xpression through those fading boundaries (for example between human and technology).
唐娜·哈拉维在《赛博格宣言》中指出,作为混合主体的赛博格能够消除人与动物、有机体与机器、男人与女人之间的严格界限,将原本对立的人群放置在机器和生物体共生的同一身份之中,从而打破原有的父权、殖民主义、资本主义传统,达到解放、发展和自我表达。
观点2:
赛博格是人的延申。
Amber Case, as an anthropologist and designer, investigates the symbiotic interaction between humans and machines. She wrote the book An Illustrated Dictionary of Cyborg Anthropology. Previously we used tools such as a stick or a hammer as physical extensions. Through digital technology we created a expansion of our mental self. With the Internet, social media and mobile phones we have become cyborgs.
安珀·凯斯研究的是人类和机器之间的共生互动。她认为过去人类使用木棍、锤子等物理工具作为人类的延申,如今有了互联网、社交媒体和手机,我们已经变成了赛博格,创造了精神自我的扩张。
观点3:
赛博格可能会对人的主体性造成威胁。
当技术发展到人的原生器官和肢体被替换,甚至意识可以被上传,人的身体和意识的完整性就面临着威胁。就如“忒修斯之船”的故事:雅典国王忒修斯船上所有的木头都被其他木头替代,这艘船还是原来的船吗?同理,当人体的部分或全部器官组件都被机械替换,人还是原来的人吗?